TKEY : Transaction Key (RFC 2930)
One way of providing a key to be used with TSIG

NSEC3PARAM : NSEC3 parameters (RFC 5155)
Parameter record for use with NSEC3

TXT : Text record (RFC 1035)
Originally for arbitrary human-readable text in a DNS record. Since the early 1990s, however, this record more often carries machine-readable data, such as specified by RFC 1464, opportunistic encryption, Sender Policy Framework, DomainKeys, DNS-SD, etc.

SIG : Signature (RFC 2535)
Signature record used in SIG(0) (RFC 2931). Until RFC 3755 was published, the SIG record was part of DNSSEC; now RRSIG is used for that.

SOA : start of authority record (RFC 1035)
Specifies authoritative information about a DNS zone, including the primary name server, the email of the domain administrator, the domain serial number, and several timers relating to refreshing the zone.

TA : DNSSEC Trust Authorities (None)
Part of a deployment proposal for DNSSEC without a signed DNS root. See the IANA database and Weiler Spec] for details. Uses the same format as the DS record.

DS : Delegation signer (RFC 4034)
The record used to identify the DNSSEC signing key of a delegated zone

IXFR : Incremental Zone Transfer (RFC 1995)
Requests a zone transfer of the given zone but only differences from a previous serial number. This request may be ignored and a full (AXFR) sent in response if the authoritative server is unable to fulfill the request due to configuration or lack of required deltas.

DHCID : DHCP identifier (RFC 4701)
Used in conjunction with the FQDN option to DHCP

* : All cached records (RFC 1035)
Returns all records of all types known to the name server. If the name server does not have any information on the name, the request will be forwarded on. The records returned may not be complete. For example, if there is both an A and an MX for a name, but the name server has only the A record cached, only the A record will be returned.

IPSECKEY : IPSEC Key (RFC 4025)
Key record that can be used with IPSEC

PTR : pointer record (RFC 1035)
Pointer to a canonical name. Unlike a CNAME, DNS processing does NOT proceed, just the name is returned. The most common use is for implementing reverse DNS lookups, but other uses include such things as DNS-SD.

RRSIG : DNSSEC signature (RFC 4034)
Signature for a DNSSEC-secured record set. Uses the same format as the SIG record.

CERT : Certificate record (RFC 4398)
Stores PKIX, SPKI, PGP, etc.

AXFR : Full Zone Transfer (RFC 1035)
Transfer entire zone file from the master name server to secondary name servers.

NSEC3 : NSEC record version 3 (RFC 5155)
An extension to DNSSEC that allows proof of nonexistence for a name without permitting zonewalking

LOC : Location record (RFC 1876)
Specifies a geographical location associated with a domain name

OPT : Option (RFC 2671)
This is a 'pseudo DNS record type' needed to support EDNS